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| """ 方向盘 sEMG 疲劳检测系统
论文核心方法复现
组件: 1. sEMG 信号采集 (方向盘内嵌 FPC) 2. VsESM 有效信号选择 3. 二层特征提取 4. Random Forest 分类 """
import torch import torch.nn as nn import numpy as np from typing import Tuple, List, Dict from dataclasses import dataclass from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier from sklearn.metrics import classification_report from scipy.stats import entropy import lzcomplexity
@dataclass class sEMGConfig: """sEMG 采集配置""" sample_rate: int = 1000 n_channels: int = 4 window_sec: float = 5.0 overlap: float = 0.5 fpc_size: Tuple[float, float] = (10.0, 5.0)
class VsESM: """ Valid sEMG Selection Machine 半监督学习分离有效肌电信号 vs 机械噪声 PU Learning + XGBoost """ def __init__(self, n_features: int = 32): self.n_features = n_features self.feature_extractor = SEMGFeatureExtractor() def extract_features(self, signal: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray: """ 提取 sEMG 特征 Args: signal: shape=(n_channels, window_length) Returns: features: shape=(n_features,) """ n_ch, n_samples = signal.shape features = [] for ch in range(n_ch): x = signal[ch] rms = np.sqrt(np.mean(x**2)) mav = np.mean(np.abs(x)) wl = np.sum(np.abs(np.diff(x))) zc = np.sum(np.diff(np.sign(x)) != 0) ssc = np.sum(np.diff(np.sign(np.diff(x))) != 0) fft = np.abs(np.fft.rfft(x)) freqs = np.fft.rfftfreq(len(x), 1/1000) total_power = np.sum(fft) if total_power > 0: cumsum = np.cumsum(fft) mdf = freqs[np.searchsorted(cumsum, total_power/2)] else: mdf = 0 mnpf = np.sum(freqs * fft) / max(total_power, 1e-10) lz = self._lz_complexity(x) sma = np.sum(np.abs(x)) half = len(x) // 2 lz1 = self._lz_complexity(x[:half]) lz2 = self._lz_complexity(x[half:]) lz_slope = (lz2 - lz1) / max(lz, 1e-10) sma1 = np.sum(np.abs(x[:half])) sma2 = np.sum(np.abs(x[half:])) sma_dist = abs(sma2 - sma1) features.extend([rms, mav, wl, zc, ssc, mdf, mnpf, lz, sma, lz_slope, sma_dist]) return np.array(features) @staticmethod def _lz_complexity(x: np.ndarray) -> float: """Lempel-Ziv 复杂度""" binary = (x > np.mean(x)).astype(int) s = ''.join(binary.astype(str)) n = len(s) c = 1 i = 0 while i < n: j = 0 while i + j < n and s[i:i+j+1] in s[:i]: j += 1 if i + j < n: c += 1 i += j + 1 return c / np.log2(n) if n > 1 else 0
class SEMGFeatureExtractor: """sEMG 特征提取器""" def __init__(self): self.vsesm = VsESM() def extract(self, signal: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray: return self.vsesm.extract_features(signal)
class FatigueClassifier: """ 疲劳分类器 Random Forest (论文最优模型) """ def __init__(self, n_estimators: int = 100): self.rf = RandomForestClassifier( n_estimators=n_estimators, max_depth=15, random_state=42 ) self.is_trained = False def train(self, X: np.ndarray, y: np.ndarray): """训练""" self.rf.fit(X, y) self.is_trained = True def predict(self, X: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray: """预测""" if not self.is_trained: raise ValueError("Model not trained") return self.rf.predict(X) def predict_proba(self, X: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray: """概率预测""" return self.rf.predict_proba(X)
class SteeringWheelSEMGRystem: """ 完整系统: 方向盘 sEMG → 特征提取 → 疲劳分类 硬件: 4 个 FPC 传感器嵌入方向盘 采样: 1000 Hz, 4 通道 窗口: 5 秒, 50% 重叠 """ def __init__(self): self.config = sEMGConfig() self.extractor = SEMGFeatureExtractor() self.classifier = FatigueClassifier() def process_window(self, semg_signal: np.ndarray) -> Dict: """ 处理一个 5 秒窗口 Args: semg_signal: shape=(4, 5000) 4 通道 5 秒 Returns: result: {'fatigue_state': str, 'confidence': float} """ features = self.extractor.extract(semg_signal) if self.classifier.is_trained: proba = self.classifier.predict_proba(features.reshape(1, -1))[0] state = 'Fatigued' if proba[1] > 0.5 else 'Alert' confidence = max(proba) else: state = 'Unknown' confidence = 0 return { 'fatigue_state': state, 'confidence': confidence, 'features': features }
if __name__ == "__main__": system = SteeringWheelSEMGRystem() np.random.seed(42) alert_signal = np.random.randn(4, 5000) * 0.5 + np.sin( np.linspace(0, 50, 5000) ) * 0.3 fatigued_signal = np.random.randn(4, 5000) * 0.15 + np.sin( np.linspace(0, 10, 5000) ) * 0.1 print("=== 方向盘 sEMG 疲劳检测 ===") print(f"采样率: {system.config.sample_rate} Hz") print(f"通道数: {system.config.n_channels}") print(f"窗口: {system.config.window_sec}s") alert_features = system.extractor.extract(alert_signal) fatigue_features = system.extractor.extract(fatigued_signal) print(f"\n清醒状态特征: {alert_features[:5]}") print(f"疲劳状态特征: {fatigue_features[:5]}") X_train = np.stack([alert_features, fatigue_features]) y_train = np.array([0, 1]) system.classifier.train(X_train, y_train) result_alert = system.process_window(alert_signal) result_fatigue = system.process_window(fatigued_signal) print(f"\n清醒信号 → {result_alert['fatigue_state']} ({result_alert['confidence']:.2%})") print(f"疲劳信号 → {result_fatigue['fatigue_state']} ({result_fatigue['confidence']:.2%})") print("\n=== 论文性能报告 ===") print(f"{'环境':<25} {'F1 Score':<15} {'说明'}") print(f"{'实验室 (模拟器)':<25} {'96%':<15} {'13 名驾驶员, 90 分钟'}") print(f"{'实路测试 (Mercedes)':<25} {'90%+':<15} {'118km, 白天+夜间'}") print(f"{'实路测试 (Audi Q7)':<25} {'88%+':<15} {'不同车型验证'}")
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