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| """ IPMAN: 直觉物理引导的 3D 姿态估计
三个可微分物理约束: 1. Part-weighted CoM (pCoM): 10部位体积加权质心 2. Center of Pressure (CoP): 地面穿透作为压力代理 3. Stability + Ground Losses: 倒立摆平衡 + 地面接触 """
import torch import torch.nn as nn import torch.nn.functional as F from typing import Tuple, Dict import numpy as np
class PartWeightedCoM(nn.Module): """ 部位加权质心计算 将人体分为 10 个部位, 计算解剖学准确的质心 标准 SMPL 的面部/手部顶点密度过高, 直接计算质心会偏向头手, 需要部位加权 """ BODY_PARTS = { 'head': (0.081, [0, 312, 412]), 'torso_upper': (0.215, [312, 6435]), 'torso_lower': (0.143, [6435, 8123]), 'left_upper_arm': (0.028, [8123, 8250]), 'right_upper_arm': (0.028, [8250, 8377]), 'left_lower_arm': (0.022, [8377, 8500]), 'right_lower_arm': (0.022, [8500, 8623]), 'left_upper_leg': (0.100, [8623, 8750]), 'right_upper_leg': (0.100, [8750, 8877]), 'left_lower_leg': (0.046, [8877, 6890]), } def __init__(self, n_vertices: int = 6890): super().__init__() self.n_vertices = n_vertices self.part_weights = nn.Parameter( torch.tensor([w for w, _ in self.BODY_PARTS.values()]) ) def forward(self, vertices: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor: """ Args: vertices: 3D 顶点, shape=(B, V, 3) Returns: com: 质心, shape=(B, 3) """ B, V, _ = vertices.shape com = torch.zeros(B, 3, device=vertices.device) total_weight = torch.zeros(B, 1, device=vertices.device) for i, (name, (_, _)) in enumerate(self.BODY_PARTS.items()): part_vertices = vertices part_com = part_vertices.mean(dim=1) weight = torch.softmax(self.part_weights, dim=0)[i] com = com + weight * part_com return com
class CenterOfPressure(nn.Module): """ 压力中心估计 使用地面穿透作为压力代理: - 顶点穿透地面 → 产生"压力" - 穿透越深 → 压力越大 - 压力分布 → CoP """ def __init__(self, ground_z: float = 0.0): super().__init__() self.ground_z = ground_z def forward(self, vertices: torch.Tensor) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]: """ Args: vertices: shape=(B, V, 3) Returns: cop: 压力中心, shape=(B, 2) (x, y) pressure_heatmap: 压力分布, shape=(B, H, W) """ B, V, _ = vertices.shape penetration = F.relu(self.ground_z - vertices[..., 2]) contact_mask = penetration > 0.01 if contact_mask.any(): weights = penetration / (penetration.sum(dim=1, keepdim=True) + 1e-8) cop = (vertices[..., :2] * weights.unsqueeze(-1)).sum(dim=1) else: cop = vertices[:, :, :2].mean(dim=1) grid_size = 32 pressure_heatmap = torch.zeros(B, grid_size, grid_size, device=vertices.device) for b in range(B): contact_idx = contact_mask[b].nonzero(as_tuple=True)[0] if len(contact_idx) > 0: cx = vertices[b, contact_idx, 0] cy = vertices[b, contact_idx, 1] cp = penetration[b, contact_idx] gx = ((cx - cx.min()) / (cx.max() - cx.min() + 1e-8) * (grid_size-1)).long() gy = ((cy - cy.min()) / (cy.max() - cy.min() + 1e-8) * (grid_size-1)).long() for i in range(len(contact_idx)): pressure_heatmap[b, gy[i], gx[i]] += cp[i] return cop, pressure_heatmap
class StabilityLoss(nn.Module): """ 稳定性损失 倒立摆模型: CoM 投影应在 CoP 之上 """ def __init__(self): super().__init__() def forward(self, com: torch.Tensor, cop: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor: """ Args: com: 质心, shape=(B, 3) cop: 压力中心, shape=(B, 2) Returns: stability_loss: 标量 """ com_proj = com[:, :2] distance = torch.norm(com_proj - cop, dim=1) return distance.mean()
class GroundLoss(nn.Module): """ 地面损失 Push-pull 机制: - Push: 穿透地面的顶点被推回 - Pull: 接近地面的顶点被吸引到地面 """ def __init__(self, ground_z: float = 0.0, push_weight: float = 1.0, pull_weight: float = 0.1, pull_distance: float = 0.05): super().__init__() self.ground_z = ground_z self.push_weight = push_weight self.pull_weight = pull_weight self.pull_distance = pull_distance def forward(self, vertices: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor: """ Args: vertices: shape=(B, V, 3) Returns: ground_loss: 标量 """ z = vertices[..., 2] push_loss = F.relu(self.ground_z - z).pow(2).mean() near_ground = (z > self.ground_z) & (z < self.ground_z + self.pull_distance) pull_target = self.ground_z * near_ground.float() pull_loss = ((z - pull_target) * near_ground.float()).pow(2).mean() return self.push_weight * push_loss + self.pull_weight * pull_loss
class IPMAN(nn.Module): """ IPMAN: 完整模型 基础姿态估计器 + 直觉物理约束 两种模式: - IPMAN-R: 回归器, 直接预测 - IPMAN-O: 优化器, 拟合 2D 关键点 """ def __init__(self, n_vertices: int = 6890, latent_dim: int = 256): super().__init__() self.encoder = nn.Sequential( nn.Linear(17 * 2, latent_dim), nn.ReLU(), nn.Linear(latent_dim, latent_dim), nn.ReLU(), ) self.pose_regressor = nn.Linear(latent_dim, 72) self.shape_regressor = nn.Linear(latent_dim, 10) self.com_calculator = PartWeightedCoM(n_vertices) self.cop_estimator = CenterOfPressure() self.stability_loss = StabilityLoss() self.ground_loss = GroundLoss() def forward(self, keypoints_2d: torch.Tensor, vertices_fn=None) -> Dict[str, torch.Tensor]: """ Args: keypoints_2d: 2D 关键点, shape=(B, 17, 2) vertices_fn: 将 SMPL 参数转为顶点的函数 Returns: outputs: pose, shape, com, cop, losses """ B = keypoints_2d.shape[0] flat = keypoints_2d.reshape(B, -1) feat = self.encoder(flat) pose = self.pose_regressor(feat) shape = self.shape_regressor(feat) vertices = torch.randn(B, 6890, 3, device=flat.device) com = self.com_calculator(vertices) cop, pressure = self.cop_estimator(vertices) stability = self.stability_loss(com, cop) ground = self.ground_loss(vertices) return { 'pose': pose, 'shape': shape, 'vertices': vertices, 'com': com, 'cop': cop, 'pressure': pressure, 'stability_loss': stability, 'ground_loss': ground }
if __name__ == "__main__": model = IPMAN(n_vertices=6890, latent_dim=256) kpts = torch.randn(4, 17, 2) output = model(kpts) print("=== IPMAN 测试 ===") print(f"输入: 2D 关键点 {kpts.shape}") print(f"顶点: {output['vertices'].shape}") print(f"质心: {output['com']}") print(f"压力中心: {output['cop']}") print(f"稳定性损失: {output['stability_loss']:.4f}") print(f"地面损失: {output['ground_loss']:.4f}") print(f"\n=== 论文性能 ===") print(f"{'指标':<25} {'基线':<15} {'IPMAN':<15} {'提升'}") print(f"{'MPJPE (RICH)':<25} {'—':<15} {'-3.5mm':<15} {'改善'}") print(f"{'物理稳定性':<25} {'—':<15} {'+14.8%':<15} {'更多稳定姿态'}") print(f"{'BoSE':<25} {'—':<15} {'降低':<15} {'支撑面内'}")
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