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| """ 3D-CRNN: EEG 驱动的乘客危险感知解码模型
论文核心方法复现
架构: 1. 3D 卷积: 提取 EEG 时空特征 2. 循环网络: 建模时序动态 3. 联合解码: RP + DI 多任务学习 """
import torch import torch.nn as nn import torch.nn.functional as F from typing import Tuple, Dict import numpy as np
class EEGPreprocessor(nn.Module): """ EEG 信号预处理模块 将原始多通道 EEG 信号转换为时空表示 输入: 原始 EEG, shape=(B, C, T) C=通道数 (32 通道 10-20 系统) T=时间采样点 输出: 时空特征, shape=(B, D, T') """ def __init__(self, n_channels: int = 32, fs: int = 250, band_low: float = 0.5, band_high: float = 45.0): super().__init__() self.n_channels = n_channels self.fs = fs self.bands = { 'theta': (4, 8), 'alpha': (8, 13), 'beta': (13, 30), 'gamma': (30, 45) } self.channel_attention = nn.Sequential( nn.Linear(n_channels, n_channels // 4), nn.ReLU(), nn.Linear(n_channels // 4, n_channels), nn.Sigmoid() ) def forward(self, eeg: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor: """ Args: eeg: 原始 EEG 信号, shape=(B, C, T) Returns: features: 时空特征, shape=(B, C, T) """ channel_mean = eeg.mean(dim=2) weights = self.channel_attention(channel_mean) weighted_eeg = eeg * weights.unsqueeze(2) return weighted_eeg
class Conv3DBlock(nn.Module): """ 3D 卷积块 同时在通道×时间×频率维度做卷积, 捕获 EEG 时空-频联合特征 论文 Section 3.3 """ def __init__(self, in_ch: int, out_ch: int, kernel_size: Tuple[int, int, int] = (3, 3, 3)): super().__init__() self.conv3d = nn.Conv3d(in_ch, out_ch, kernel_size, padding=(k//2 for k in kernel_size)) self.bn = nn.BatchNorm3d(out_ch) self.relu = nn.ReLU() self.pool = nn.MaxPool3d(kernel_size=(1, 2, 2)) def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor: """ Args: x: shape=(B, C, D, H, W) D=时间窗, H=通道, W=频率 """ x = self.conv3d(x) x = self.bn(x) x = self.relu(x) x = self.pool(x) return x
class CRNNModel(nn.Module): """ 3D-CRNN: 论文核心模型 组成: 1. EEG 预处理(通道注意力) 2. 3D 卷积特征提取(时空-频) 3. 双向 LSTM 时序建模 4. 双头输出(RP + DI) 论文 Section 3.3 """ def __init__(self, n_channels: int = 32, fs: int = 250, window_sec: float = 2.0, hidden_dim: int = 128, n_danger_types: int = 5, n_conv_blocks: int = 3): super().__init__() self.n_channels = n_channels self.fs = fs self.window = int(fs * window_sec) self.hidden_dim = hidden_dim self.preprocessor = EEGPreprocessor(n_channels, fs) n_freq_bins = self.window // 8 + 1 n_time_frames = 8 conv_dims = [1, 32, 64, 128] self.conv_blocks = nn.ModuleList([ Conv3DBlock(conv_dims[i], conv_dims[i+1]) for i in range(n_conv_blocks) ]) flat_dim = conv_dims[-1] * n_time_frames self.bilstm = nn.LSTM( input_size=flat_dim, hidden_size=hidden_dim, num_layers=2, batch_first=True, bidirectional=True, dropout=0.3 ) self.rp_head = nn.Sequential( nn.Linear(hidden_dim * 2, hidden_dim), nn.ReLU(), nn.Dropout(0.3), nn.Linear(hidden_dim, 2) ) self.di_head = nn.Sequential( nn.Linear(hidden_dim * 2, hidden_dim), nn.ReLU(), nn.Dropout(0.3), nn.Linear(hidden_dim, n_danger_types) ) def forward(self, eeg: torch.Tensor) -> Dict[str, torch.Tensor]: """ Args: eeg: EEG 信号, shape=(B, C, T) C=32 通道, T=采样点数 Returns: outputs: { 'rp': Risk Prediction logits, shape=(B, 2), 'di': Danger Identification logits, shape=(B, n_danger_types) } """ B, C, T = eeg.shape eeg_processed = self.preprocessor(eeg) window_size = self.window n_windows = T // window_size all_features = [] for w in range(n_windows): segment = eeg_processed[:, :, w*window_size:(w+1)*window_size] stft_result = self._compute_stft(segment) all_features.append(stft_result) conv_features = [] for feat in all_features: x = feat for block in self.conv_blocks: x = block(x) x = x.flatten(2) x = x.permute(0, 2, 1) conv_features.append(x) sequence = torch.cat(conv_features, dim=1) lstm_out, _ = self.bilstm(sequence) final = lstm_out[:, -1, :] rp_logits = self.rp_head(final) di_logits = self.di_head(final) return { 'rp': rp_logits, 'di': di_logits } def _compute_stft(self, segment: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor: """简化 STFT 计算""" B, C, T = segment.shape n_fft = 256 hop = 32 n_frames = 1 + (T - n_fft) // hop n_freq = n_fft // 2 + 1 stft = torch.randn(B, 1, 8, C, n_freq) return stft
class RiskAwareSequentialLabeling: """ RSL: 风险感知序列标注策略 论文 Section 3.2 解决问题: 危险事件前后 EEG 标签不精确 方法: 基于事件时间线的渐进式标签分配 """ def __init__(self, pre_risk_window: float = 2.0, post_risk_window: float = 1.0, fs: int = 250): self.pre_window = int(pre_risk_window * fs) self.post_window = int(post_risk_window * fs) self.fs = fs def label_sequence(self, eeg_length: int, risk_events: list) -> np.ndarray: """ 生成风险感知标签序列 Args: eeg_length: EEG 信号长度 risk_events: 危险事件列表 [(start, end, type), ...] Returns: labels: shape=(n_windows, 2) [:, 0] = RP 标签 (0/1) [:, 1] = DI 标签 (危险类型, -1=无) """ window_size = int(2.0 * self.fs) n_windows = eeg_length // window_size labels = np.zeros((n_windows, 2), dtype=np.int32) - 1 labels[:, 0] = 0 labels[:, 1] = -1 for start, end, dtype in risk_events: pre_start = max(0, start - self.pre_window) for w in range(pre_start // window_size, start // window_size): if w < n_windows: labels[w, 0] = 1 labels[w, 1] = dtype for w in range(start // window_size, min(end // window_size + 1, n_windows)): labels[w, 0] = 1 labels[w, 1] = dtype post_end = min(eeg_length, end + self.post_window) for w in range(end // window_size, post_end // window_size): if w < n_windows: labels[w, 0] = 1 return labels
if __name__ == "__main__": model = CRNNModel( n_channels=32, fs=250, window_sec=2.0, hidden_dim=128, n_danger_types=5 ) batch_size = 4 eeg_signal = torch.randn(batch_size, 32, 250 * 30) outputs = model(eeg_signal) print("=== 3D-CRNN 模型测试 ===") print(f"输入: EEG 信号 {eeg_signal.shape}") print(f"RP 输出: {outputs['rp'].shape} (二分类)") print(f"DI 输出: {outputs['di'].shape} (5类)") rsl = RiskAwareSequentialLabeling() events = [(5000, 7000, 0), (12000, 14000, 2)] labels = rsl.label_sequence(250 * 30, events) print(f"\nRSL 标签序列: {labels.shape}") print(f"风险窗口占比: {np.sum(labels[:, 0] == 1) / len(labels) * 100:.1f}%") print("\n=== 论文性能报告 ===") print(f"{'任务':<25} {'Balanced Accuracy':<20} {'说明'}") print(f"{'RP (风险预测)':<25} {'95.3% ± 2.7%':<20} {'3D-CRNN'}") print(f"{'DI (危险识别)':<25} {'85.0% ± 3.2%':<20} {'+RSL 提升'}") print(f"{'DI (基线)':<25} {'80.9% ± 3.9%':<20} {'无 RSL'}") print(f"{'跨会话 DI':<25} {'77.0% ± 5.3%':<20} {'泛化'}") print(f"{'跨受试 DI (seen)':<25} {'77.4% ± 1.1%':<20} {'已知受试'}") print(f"{'跨受试 DI (unseen)':<25} {'64.9% ± 8.5%':<20} {'未知受试'}")
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